Max korff



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PATBNTED JAN. 5, 1 904. M. KORPE. ,ILLUMINATING BODY. AP PLIOATIUN PILEDJULY 8. 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 no MODEL.

PEYEHS no. FHOTCLUTHQ. WASHINGTON, o. q

PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

M. KORFP.

ILLUMINATING BODY.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8-. 1903 N0 MODEL.

m: uailms warms to PHOTO-LUNG" WAsHllK-TON, n, c

Patented .ianuary 5, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MAX KORFF, OF HANAU, GERMANY.

lLLUMlNATlNG-BODY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,753, dated January5, 1904.

Application filed July 8, 1903. Serial No. 164,752- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAX KORFF, a subject of the German Emperor, residingat Hanan, Germany, (my post office address being Hanau-on-the-Main,Germany,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements inIlluminating-Bodies, 05 which the following is a specification. v

The present invention relates to an illuminating-body which is suitablefor any kind of illumination; and it essentially consists of a hollowbody formed by a faceted metal frame into which glass prisms or pyramidsare inserted. Illuminating-bodies of this general nature are alreadyknown; but from these the improved illuminatingbody is distinguished bythe fact that instead of being provided with smooth glass prisms orpyramids, as was hitherto the case, grooved,step-shaped, split, orfluted cut-glass prisms or pyramids are used by which theefiect,-distribution, and efficiency of the light is considerablyincreased as compared with the said known illuminating bodies. Theprisms or pyramids cut in the manner described can also be provided withone or more apertures of suitable cross-section in order that a certainproportion of direct-light rays will be emitted besides thosedistributed by the cut prisms or the like. The effect of theilluminating-body can by this means be further increased. In order tostill further increase the said efiect, I provide the illuminatingbodieswith mirrors or reflecting-surfaces outside the' prisms orpyramid-faces.

The annexed drawings represent various forms of cut-glass pyramidsfor'use with the improved illuminating-body.

In said drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a plan view andelevation of one form of body involving the invention. Fig. 3 shows amodification in the form of the pyramid and the manner in which thesides are connected to the frame. Fig. 4 is a plan of the same.- Fig. 5indicates another form of reflecting-surfaces. Fig. 6 is a plan, and

Fig. 7 an elevation, of another form. Fig. 8 is a sectional View ofanother form; and Fig. 9 is a'plan view, partly in section, showing thearrangement of a group of pyramids in a frame.

Figs. 1 and 2 are a plan view and elevation, respectively, of a pyramid,the base a of which is provided with splits or grooves parallel with thepyramid-faces b b b By this means the rays emanating from the center ofthe hollow body. are deflected in such a manner that they emerge fromthe sides of the pyramid in the direction of the arrows c. Thisdeflection of the rays renders the source of light invisible, which is aconsiderable advantage as compared with the illuminatingbodies hithertoknown with which the source of light was visible notwithstanding thefact that it was inclosed. The fact of the source of light beingdirectly visible is very injurious and troublesome to the'eye. The saidsplits or grooves also considerably facilitate and increase the passageof light through the glass prisms or pyramids even when the latter arevery thick.

Figs.3 and 4 represent another form of pyramid, and Fig. 3 alsoindicates the manner in which the pyramids are inserted into the facetedmetal frame, two adjacent triangles of which are connected together. Thegrooves or splits are in this case on the three faces I) b b of thepyramid, the base a, being completely smooth. The rays which fall ontothe bases of the pyramid emerge entirely from these surfaces of thegrooves which are parallel with the said bases, as indicated by thearrows c in Fig. 3. With this arrangement the same efiect and advantagesare obtained as with the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Each separate prism or pyramid is loosely inserted into one of thetriangles d, forming the faceted metal frame and fastened in the saidtriangle by pressing the rods or bars 6 tightly against the faces I) 1219 The triangles d are either soldered or connected together in someother suitable manner.

In the form of the pyramid shown in Fig. 5 reflecting-surfaces ff areprovided on the three pyramid-faces b b b besides the faceted stepshapedor grooved splits for increasing the effeet and the passage of light.These reflecting-surfaces are arranged in any suitable manner at thelower parts of the three sides I) b b and on the three surfaces g g 9formed by beveling the lower edges of the pyramid.

In order to allow direct rays, as well as diffused rays, to be emitted,and thus to considerably beautify the effect of the illuminatingbody,the prisms or pyramids can be provided with apertures of any suitablecross-section, through which light will be directly radiated.

Figs. 6 and 7 represent a pyramid with splits on its three lateral facesb b b and an aperture h, of triangular section, extending from thecenter of its base a to its apex. It is not absolutely essential thatthe aperture h should extend entirely through the pyramid. If the pitchof the pyramid is comparatively steep, it is sufficient for the bore toextend close to the apex, from which rays will then be emitted.

To allow of fixing the prisms or pyramids to the metal frame in a securebut simple manner and of conveniently attaching the reflectors ormirrors to the pyramids, the latter are preferably given the form shownin Fig. 8. In this case the base a of the pyramid is provided withsplits or grooves parallel to the three pyramid-faces b 6 12 so that therays from the source of light at the center of the hollow body aredeflected in the known manner and emitted from the lateral surfaces 19 bb in the directions indicated by the arrows 0 in Fig. l. The lower partof the pyramid, near the base a, is provided with a flange i, whichextends along the three sides I) b 19 By means of this flange 71 eachpyramid can be very easily and securely set in a triangle d, Fig. 9, ofthe faceted metal frame by pressing the cross-bars e (shown in Figs. 3and 9) of the latter tightlyagainst the flange 2' of each pyramid. Theprovision of the flange c' has the further important advantage that itfacilitates the arrangement of the reflectors or mirrors for increasingthe illuminating effect. These mirrors or reflectors can either bedirectly formed on the upper surfaces 11 of the flanges z' or on theinner surfaces of the cross-bars e of the triangles d, the saidcrossbars 6 being then folded over the entire width of the said flanges.This gives additional security to the fastening of the prisms orpyramids, since the flanges are completely embraced by the cross-bars.The securing of the pyramids or prisms is of course of great importanceby reason of their considerable weight.

Fig. 9 is a section of one form of the illuminating-body, showing themanner in which the faceted triangles d are combined to form the framewhich carries the prisms or pyramids.

The improved illuminating-body can also be so arranged that it revolvesabout the source of light or that the latter revolves in the hollowbody.

I claim- 1. In an illuminating-body, the combination with a facetedmetal frame, of glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame, saidprisms or pyramids having certain of their surfaces provided with splitsor grooves, substantially as described.

2. In an illuminating-body, the combination with a faceted metal frame,of glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame, said prisms orpyramids having their surfaces provided with cut splits or grooves,substantially as described.

3. In an illuminating-body, the combination with a faceted metal frame,of glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame, said prisms orpyramids having splits or grooves and reflecting-faces or mirrors oncertain of their surfaces, substantially as described.

4. In an illuminating-body the combination. with a faceted metal frameof glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame, said prisms orpyramids having splits or grooves and reflecting -faces or mirrors oncertain of their surfaces, and being provided with apertures of suitablecross-section substantially as described.

5. In an illuminating-body, the combination with a faceted metal frame,of glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame, said prisms orpyramids having splits or grooves on certain of their surfaces and beingprovided with apertures of suitable crosssection substantially asdescribed.

6. In an illuminating-body, the combination with a faceted metal framehaving crossbars, of glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame,said prisms or pyramids having splits or grooves on certain oftheirsurfaces and being provided with flanges adapted to be engaged andheld by said cross-bars substantially as described.

7. In an illuminating-body, the combination with a faceted metal framehaving crossbars, of glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame,said prisms or pyramids having splits or grooves and reflecting-faces ormirrors on certain of their surfaces, and flanges adjacent their basesadapted to be engaged and held by said cross-bars substantially asdescribed.

8. In an illuminating-body the combination with a faceted metal framehaving crossbars carrying reflecting-faces or mirrors on their innersurfaces, of glass prisms or pyramids inserted into said frame, saidprisms or pyramids having splits or grooves on certain of theirsurfaces, and flanges adjacent their bases adapted to be engaged andheld by said cross-bars substantially as described.

9. In an illuminating-body the combination with a faceted metal framehaving crossbars carrying reflecting-faces or mirrors on I In testimonywhereof I have signed my IO their inner surfaces, of glass prisms 0rpyraname to thisspecification in the presence of midsinsertied into saidframe, said prisms or two subscribing witnesses. pyramids having splitsor grooves on certain 5 of their surfaces and being provided with ap-MAX KORFF,

ertures of suitable cross-section and with flanges adjacent their basesadapted to be Witnesses: engaged and held by the cross-bars aforesaid,FRANZ HASSLAGHER, substantially as-deseribed. MICHAEL VOLK.

